Nanodevices for Bio-inspired Computing

Vous êtes invités à participer à la conférence présentée par Julie GROLLIER,CNRS/Thales, Palaiseau, France, organisée par l'IPCMS :

Nanodevices for Bio-inspired Computing

Resumé :

In the last five years, Artificial Intelligence has made striking progress, now defeating humans at subtle
strategy games, such as Go, and even Poker. However, these algorithms are running on traditional
processors which have a radically different architecture than the biological neural networks they are
inspired from. This considerably slows them down and requires massive amounts of electrical power,
more than ten thousand times what the brain typically needs to function. This energy dissipation is not
only becoming an environmental issue, but it also sets a limit to the size of neural networks that can be
simulated. We are at a point where we need to rethink the way we compute, and build hardware chips
directly inspired from the architecture of the brain. This is a challenge. Indeed, contrarily to current
electronic systems, the brain is a huge parallel network closely entangling memory and processing.
In this talk, I will show that, for building the neuromorphic chips of the future, we will need to emulate
functionalities of synapses and neurons at the nanoscale. I will review the recent developments of
memristive nano-synapses and oscillating nano-neurons, the physical mechanisms at stake, and the
challenges in terms of materials. Finally, I will present the first achievements of neuromorphic computing
with novel nanodevices and the fascinating perspectives of this emerging field.

Contact : Ovidiu Ersen (ovidiu.ersen@ipcms.unistra.fr)